| Customization: | Available |
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| Certification: | CE, ISO |
| Color: | Customized |
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Pressure Vessel Heads are crucial components that serve to close the ends of the cylindrical section or shell of the pressure vessel. Known by various names such as Dish Ends, Formed Heads, End Closure, End Caps, Vessel Ends, and Vessel Caps, the most widely recognized term is Dish ends. These heads play an essential role in the structural integrity of pressure vessels.
Four primary types of pressure vessel heads, known as Dish ends, are predominantly utilized in the fabrication of Pressure Vessels, each offering unique benefits and applications.
Flat Heads represent the simplest form among pressure vessel heads. However, they are less favored due to their lower pressure-bearing capacity. The minimal radial section for pressure distribution results in maximum stress concentrated on the flat section, making them less economical compared to other head types.
Key terms associated with Flat Heads include the Flat Head Inside Diameter (ID), Knuckle Radius (R), Dish End Total Height (H), and Straight Face (SF). The general drawing representation of Flat Heads is depicted above.
Ellipsoidal Heads are among the most widely used in pressure vessel fabrication. With an expansive radial section, these heads offer superior pressure distribution and are highly preferred due to their ability to withstand maximum pressure efficiently. Their design ensures that the dish end thickness is roughly equal to the shell thickness, making them the most economically viable option. The 2:1 Ellipsoidal Section is the standard configuration used.
Common terms for 2:1 Ellipsoidal Heads include Inside Diameter (ID), Crown Radius (C.R), Knuckle Radius (K.R), Dish End Total Height (H), and Straight Face (SF). These heads, which are depicted in the general drawing above, require more forming time compared to Flat and Torispherical Heads, yet remain the most economical choice.
Popularly used for their ample radial section, Torispherical Heads effectively withstand substantial pressure, although slightly less than Ellipsoidal Heads. Despite being less economical, their quicker forming time makes them a popular choice in many applications.
For similar design conditions, Torispherical Heads typically require a thickness about 1.77 times that of the shell to withstand the same design pressure and temperature.
Key terms for Torispherical Heads include Inside Diameter (ID), Crown Radius (C.R), Knuckle Radius (K.R), Dish End Total Height (H), and Straight Face (SF). Their general drawing is showcased above.
With less forming time required than Ellipsoidal Heads, Torispherical Heads, also known as Flange and Dished Heads, are preferred for their simplicity and efficiency.
Hemispherical Heads, or Dish ends, offer the largest radial section among all head types, providing an extensive area for pressure distribution. Consequently, for identical design conditions, the thickness of these heads is roughly half that of the shell, making them exceptionally economical despite the extended forming time required.
Although they require the most time for forming, Hemispherical Heads are the most cost-effective solution due to their unparalleled pressure distribution capabilities.
When discussing Hemi Heads, several essential terms come into play: Inside Diameter (ID), Crown Radius (R), Dish End Total Height (H), and Straight Face (SF). The selection of Dish Ends is intricately linked to design conditions and their suitability for use in pressure vessel heads, ensuring optimal performance and safety.
There are four fundamental types of dish ends utilized in the fabrication of pressure vessels. These essential dish end terms are typically calculated using established relationships with the inside diameter. From a fabrication perspective, it is crucial to calculate various parameters, including Dish End Terms, Blank Diameter, Weight, Surface Area, and Volume Calculations, which are indispensable in the successful fabrication of Dish Ends.
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