| Customization: | Available |
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| Certification: | CE, ISO |
| Color: | Customized |
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Pressure Vessel Heads are indispensable components that serve as the end closures for the cylindrical section or shell of a pressure vessel. Known by various names such as Dish Ends, Formed Heads, End Closures, End Caps, Vessel Ends, and Vessel Caps, the most widely recognized term is Dish Ends.
There are four quintessential types of pressure vessel heads, with Dish Ends being the most prevalently utilized in pressure vessel fabrication.
Flat Heads represent the most straightforward form of pressure vessel heads. Despite their simplicity, they are less favored due to their limited capacity to withstand pressure, attributed to a reduced radial section available for pressure distribution. The flat section bears maximum exposure, making it less economical.
In Flat Heads, terms like Inside Diameter (ID), Knuckle Radius (R), Dish End Total Height (H), and Straight Face (SF) are commonplace. The general drawing representation of Flat Heads is depicted above.
Ellipsoidal Heads stand out as the most frequently used Pressure Vessel Heads. With a broader radial section, they adeptly distribute pressure and withstand maximum pressure compared to other heads. Their efficiency makes them the preferred choice, offering a dish end thickness nearly equivalent to shell thickness, hence being the most economical choice. The prevalent 2:1 Ellipsoidal Section configuration is generally used.
The 2:1 Ellipsoidal Heads are characterized by terms such as Inside Diameter (ID), Crown Radius (C.R), Knuckle Radius (K.R), Dish End Total Height (H), and Straight Face (SF). While the general drawing is shown above, these heads require more forming time than Flat and Torispherical Heads, but they remain the most economical pressure vessel heads.
Widely used in the industry, Torispherical Heads also offer a substantial radial section for pressure distribution. Though they endure slightly lesser pressure than Ellipsoidal Heads, their less time-intensive forming process makes them a popular choice, despite being less economical.
Under equivalent design conditions, the thickness of Torispherical Heads is approximately 1.77 times that of the shell for the same design pressure and temperature.
Frequently used terms in Torispherical Heads include Inside Diameter (ID), Crown Radius (C.R), Knuckle Radius (K.R), Dish End Total Height (H), and Straight Face (SF). The general representation is illustrated above.
Favored for their simplicity, Torispherical Heads require less forming time than Ellipsoidal Heads, further known as Flange and Dished Heads.
Hemispherical Heads or Dish Ends are integral in pressure vessel construction, offering the largest radial section for pressure distribution. Consequently, for the same design conditions, their thickness is about half that of the shell, efficiently maximizing pressure distribution.
Economically, these heads are superior to others, albeit requiring the most forming time.
Crucial terminologies in the realm of Hemi Heads include Inside Diameter (ID), Crown Radius (R), Dish End Total Height (H), and Straight Face (SF). The selection of Dish Ends is intricately linked to design conditions and their suitability for Pressure Vessels Heads. Master these concepts to make informed choices.
These are the four fundamental types of dish ends employed in the fabrication of Pressure Vessels. The majority of dish end parameters are derived using standard relationships with the inside diameter. From a fabrication perspective, it is essential to compute various parameters. These include Dish End Terms, Blank Diameter, Weight, Surface Area, and Volume Calculations, all of which are imperative in the production of Dish Ends.
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